Hello,
This is an initial implementation of a generic vhost-user backend for the I2C bus. This is based of the virtio specifications (already merged) for the I2C bus.
The kernel virtio I2C driver is still under review, here is the latest version (v10):
https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/226a8d5663b7bb6f5d06ede7701eedb18d1bafa1.161649...
The backend is implemented as a vhost-user device because we want to experiment in making portable backends that can be used with multiple hypervisors. We also want to support backends isolated in their own separate service VMs with limited memory cross-sections with the principle guest. This is part of a wider initiative by Linaro called "project Stratos" for which you can find information here:
https://collaborate.linaro.org/display/STR/Stratos+Home
I mentioned this to explain the decision to write the daemon as a fairly pure glib application that just depends on libvhost-user.
We are not sure where the vhost-user backend should get queued, qemu or a separate repository. Similar questions were raised by an earlier thread by Alex Bennée for his RPMB work:
https://lore.kernel.org/qemu-devel/20200925125147.26943-1-alex.bennee@linaro...
I2C Testing: ------------
I didn't have access to a real hardware where I can play with a I2C client device (like RTC, eeprom, etc) to verify the working of the backend daemon, so I decided to test it on my x86 box itself with hierarchy of two ARM64 guests.
The first ARM64 guest was passed "-device ds1338,address=0x20" option, so it could emulate a ds1338 RTC device, which connects to an I2C bus. Once the guest came up, ds1338 device instance was created within the guest kernel by doing:
echo ds1338 0x20 > /sys/bus/i2c/devices/i2c-0/new_device
[ Note that this may end up binding the ds1338 device to its driver, which won't let our i2c daemon talk to the device. For that we need to manually unbind the device from the driver:
echo 0-0020 > /sys/bus/i2c/devices/0-0020/driver/unbind ]
After this is done, you will get /dev/rtc1. This is the device we wanted to emulate, which will be accessed by the vhost-user-i2c backend daemon via the /dev/i2c-0 file present in the guest VM.
At this point we need to start the backend daemon and give it a socket-path to talk to from qemu (you can pass -v to it to get more detailed messages):
vhost-user-i2c --socket-path=vi2c.sock --device-list 0:20
[ Here, 0:20 is the bus/device mapping, 0 for /dev/i2c-0 and 20 is client address of ds1338 that we used while creating the device. ]
Now we need to start the second level ARM64 guest (from within the first guest) to get the i2c-virtio.c Linux driver up. The second level guest is passed the following options to connect to the same socket:
-chardev socket,path=vi2c.sock,id=vi2c \ -device vhost-user-i2c-pci,chardev=vi2c,id=i2c
Once the second level guest boots up, we will see the i2c-virtio bus at /sys/bus/i2c/devices/i2c-X/. From there we can now make it emulate the ds1338 device again by doing:
echo ds1338 0x20 > /sys/bus/i2c/devices/i2c-0/new_device
[ This time we want ds1338's driver to be bound to the device, so it should be enabled in the kernel as well. ]
And we will get /dev/rtc1 device again here in the second level guest. Now we can play with the rtc device with help of hwclock utility and we can see the following sequence of transfers happening if we try to update rtc's time from system time.
hwclock -w -f /dev/rtc1 (in guest2) -> Reaches i2c-virtio.c (Linux bus driver in guest2) -> transfer over virtio -> Reaches the qemu's vhost-i2c device emulation (running over guest1) -> Reaches the backend daemon vhost-user-i2c started earlier (in guest1) -> ioctl(/dev/i2c-0, I2C_RDWR, ..); (in guest1) -> reaches qemu's hw/rtc/ds1338.c (running over host)
SMBUS Testing: --------------
I wasn't required to have such a tedious setup for testing out with SMBUS devices. I was able to emulate a SMBUS device on my x86 machine using i2c-stub driver.
$ modprobe i2c-stub chip_addr=0x20 //Boot the arm64 guest now with i2c-virtio driver and then do: $ echo al3320a 0x20 > /sys/class/i2c-adapter/i2c-0/new_device $ cat /sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device0/in_illuminance_raw
That's it.
I hope I was able to give a clear picture of my test setup here :)
Thanks.
V1->V2: - Add a separate patch (not to be merged) to keep stuff temporarily taken from Linux kernel.
- Support SMBUS devices/busses in the backend daemon.
- Fix lots of checkpatch warnings/errors.
- Some other bug fixes, suggestions, etc.
Viresh Kumar (6): !Merge: Update virtio headers from kernel hw/virtio: add boilerplate for vhost-user-i2c device hw/virtio: add vhost-user-i2c-pci boilerplate tools/vhost-user-i2c: Add backend driver docs: add a man page for vhost-user-i2c MAINTAINERS: Add entry for virtio-i2c
MAINTAINERS | 9 + docs/tools/index.rst | 1 + docs/tools/vhost-user-i2c.rst | 75 ++ hw/virtio/Kconfig | 5 + hw/virtio/meson.build | 2 + hw/virtio/vhost-user-i2c-pci.c | 69 ++ hw/virtio/vhost-user-i2c.c | 285 +++++++ include/hw/virtio/vhost-user-i2c.h | 37 + include/standard-headers/linux/virtio_i2c.h | 40 + include/standard-headers/linux/virtio_ids.h | 1 + tools/meson.build | 8 + tools/vhost-user-i2c/50-qemu-i2c.json.in | 5 + tools/vhost-user-i2c/main.c | 809 ++++++++++++++++++++ tools/vhost-user-i2c/meson.build | 10 + 14 files changed, 1356 insertions(+) create mode 100644 docs/tools/vhost-user-i2c.rst create mode 100644 hw/virtio/vhost-user-i2c-pci.c create mode 100644 hw/virtio/vhost-user-i2c.c create mode 100644 include/hw/virtio/vhost-user-i2c.h create mode 100644 include/standard-headers/linux/virtio_i2c.h create mode 100644 tools/vhost-user-i2c/50-qemu-i2c.json.in create mode 100644 tools/vhost-user-i2c/main.c create mode 100644 tools/vhost-user-i2c/meson.build